Ko te tikanga whānui, ko ngā ingoa Pākehā o ngā wāhi maha i Haina kei roto tonu i te reo Pinyin, engari he rerekē ētahi. Hei tauira: Ko Shanghai, te tāone nui makutu, ehara i te "shanghai" i te reo Pākehā, ā, ko te ingoa Pākehā o "Tibet" ehara i te "Xizang", nō reira me pēhea te whakahua i ō rātou ingoa Pākehā?
He aha te tikanga o te kupu "shanghai"?
Ki te titiro ki te papakupu o Oxford, ko te whakamāramatanga o te kupu shanghai ko: te tinihanga, te akiaki rānei i tetahi ki te mahi i tetahi mea kāore rātou e hiahia ki te mahi.
Ko te takenga mai o te kupu nei, i ngā tau tōmua, i haere mai te iwi ki Shanghai mai i Ūropi ki te mahi pakihi. Ko te tikanga, kāore i te pai ngā heramana ki te haere i te moana pēnei. Me kī noa atu kua tinihangatia mātou!
Tauira:
I marena ahau ki Shanghai.
Tērā pea e pā ana ki "Kei te hiahia ahau ki te hopu i te marena", arā, ki te akiaki, ki te akiaki rānei i tētahi wahine marena hou kia kaua e marena ki te tāne marena hou.
He aha te kupu "Shanghai" i te reo Pākehā?
Ko te reo Pākehā o Shanghai ko Shanghai tonu
He rite tonu ngā kupu Pākehā mō "Shanxi" me "Shaanxi"?
Ko te ingoa Pākehā o te Porowini o Shanxi ko: Shanxi
Ko te reo Pākehā o te Porowini o Shaanxi ko: Shaanxi, he nui ake i a Shanxi.
He aha i tuhia takiruatia ai te a i Shaanxi, ehara i te tuhi takirua i te n?
Kei roto i tēnei ko te ariā o te "Mandarin Romaji", he huinga o ngā kaupapa whakamaoritanga Latina mō ngā reta Hainamana, koinei te pūnaha oro o te "Repupirita o Haina".
I roto i te reo Pinyin Hainamana o ēnei rā, e whakamahia ana ngā "tohu oro" hei tohu i ngā oro e whā, arā: Yinping (ˉ), Yangping (ˊ), Shangsheng (ˇ), Qusheng (ˋ), ā, ka taea hoki te kī ko ngā oro tuatahi me tuarua, tuatoru me tuawhā.
Kāore ngā reta Rōmana Mandarin e whakamahi ana i ngā tohu hei tohu i ngā oro, engari ko ngā reta. Hei tauira, ko ngā tohu ā, á, ǎ, à i roto i te "Hanyu Pinyin" ko: a, ar, aa, ah i roto i ngā reta Rōmana Mandarin.
arā, ā = a; ǎ = aa
Na reira ka tuhia te "Shanxi" (shān xī) ki te reo Ingarihi hei shanxi
Ko te kupu Ingarihi o "Shaanxi" (shǎn xī) he shaanxi
Ngā kīanga Ingarihi i ētahi atu rohe
He maha tonu ngā rohe o Haina kāore i te whakamahia te reo Ingarihi o tā rātou reo Hainamana, arā, ko te reo Pinyin.
①Hōng Kong: Hong Kong /ˌhɒŋˈkɒŋ/
Ko Hong Kong te ingoa Pākehā o Hong Kong. Nā te neke atu i te 150 tau o te mana koroni o Peretānia, kua noho a Hong Kong hei ingoa Pākehā tuku iho.
②Makao: Makau /məˈkaʊ/
Ko te ingoa Pākehā o Macau ko Macao. Nā te mea he koroni Pōtikī a Macau i mua, ka tuhia ko Macau i te reo Pōtikī, ā, ko Macao i te reo Pākehā. He tikanga anō hoki te ingoa.
③Mongōria o Roto: Mongōria o Roto/ˌɪnəˌmɒŋˈgəʊliə/
Ko "Mongolia o Roto" i te reo Pākehā ko Inner Mongolia. Ko te tikanga o roto ko "ā-roto", ā, ko Mongolia te ingoa mō "Mongolia" i te reo Pākehā.
Heoi, kei roto i ngā uruwhenua o ngā tāngata o roto o Mongolia te kupu Nei Mongol. Nō te kupu pinyin "nei" te kupu Nei, ā, he kupu Ingarihi a Mongol, ko tōna tikanga he "Mongol".
④Xiamen: Amoy
Nā ētahi pāpāho o tāwāhi i tuhi ko Amoy, nā te mea he kupu i titoa e ngā tāngata whenua kē i runga i te reo ā-rohe, engari ko te ingoa Pākehā i whakaaetia e Haina kei te ahu mai tonu i te pinyin Xiamen.
He mea tika kia whakanuia te whiwhinga mai o tētahi ota puranga mōNgā pine me ngā pūwero o te peere PC200mai i ngā kiritaki i PERU. E kitea ana ka pai ake ngā mea katoa.
Wā tuku: Mei-11-2022